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ANTI IERIGTION BEARING. No. 854,888. Patented'nec. 21, 1888,

ilnirnn STATES PATENT Fries.

GIDEON HAYN ES, JR., OF BOSTON, MASSACHUSETTS, AND ALBERT E. SCHAAF, OF BUFFALO, NEI/V YORK, ASSIGNORS TO THE POPE MANUFACTURING COMPANY, OF HARTFORD, CONNECTICUT.

ANTI-FRICTION BEARING.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 354,638, dated December 21, 1386.

Application filed Octt herlil, 18AE5. Serial: No. 180,290. (No model.)

T ad whom it may concern:

Be it known that we, GIDEON HxYNEs, Jr., late of Buffalo, but now of the city of Boston, inthe State of Massachusetts, and ALBERT E. SCHAAF, of the city of Buffalo, in the State of New York, have jointly invented certain new and useful Improvements in Anti-Friction Bearings, of which the following is a specification.

Our improvements relate more particularly to the bearings for the axles of bicycles and other velocipedes, and to that class of bearings for such purposes known-as ball or roller bearings, but may be equally applicable to the axles of other vehicles, orto shafts and journals of other machinery where accurate, light, and easy bearings adjustable to correct action and for wear are desirable.

Hitherto ball or roller bearings have been 2o constructed in a variety of different forms,

some of which were adjustable and some nonadjustable. Those which were adjustable were either laterally adjustable-that is, having their devices for adjustment to operate side- 2 5 wise with reference to thel bearing and box,

and lengthwise on a shaft or axle-or else vertically a.djustable-that is, so that the devices `for adjustment were operated vertically to the p bearing-box-and in the latter class its adjust- 3o ment has been obtained at the expense of a crack or opening across the pathway of the balls very detriment-al to the bearing.

A It is among the' objects of our invention to v obtain an adjustment of the balls both for a good fit when new and for wear afterward by a vertical adjustment, while at the same time preserving a continuous track for the balls.

The nature of our improvements will be understood from the following descriptiomtaken 4o in connection with the drawings, in which coneedged adjusting-rings edgewise, and Fig. 5o 6 showing the same in side elevation on the* inside, which is adjacent to the rollers, and Fig. 5 showing in side elevation a beveled detent.

A is a shaft or axle. Bis ahub-flange, and C is a hearing-box. In the devices shown the bearing-box C is made in two parts, as shown in Fig. 2, hinged together at c, one having a lug, c, for adjustment to the frame of the bicycle, and each having a lug, cL c, to receive a bolt or screw, D, for securing them together on the opposite side from the hinge. This box C is constructed with a narrow annular chamberor recess, of, and on either side of it with beveled cylindrical lips or edges, which, if continued toward the middle plane of the bearing-box, would meet and form an angle farther from the axial line of the box than the outer portion of the beveled edges.

E is a sleeve `on the shaft A, which may have a groove ,for the balls or rollers.

' F is a crank keyed upon lthe axle A, and G G are two continuous rings, constructed so as to take a free bearing on the sleeve E, and to present conical or grooved surfaces on their inner proximate sides for contact with the balls or rollers K and to present peripheral surfaces, which if continued would form an angle farther from their axial line than the outer edges of these surfaces and corresponding with the angle of the cylindrical inner beveled surfaces inthe box C.

H is an annulus or detent-ring, split at h, a little larger in its interior diameter than the exterior diameter of the row of balls or rollers, f and with its sides beveled to correspond with the inner beveled sides of the rings G G, the general formation and relation of these bev# eled surfaces being shown in section in Fig. 1, and the space or recess cAk being sufficient to allow considerable spread of the spring-detent H, and the spring-detent H being of sufficient thickness and sufficiently beveled to allow considerable approach of the bearing-rings G G when the detent H is enlarged or forced outward.

The operation of this contrivance in a bicycle-bearing is as follows: Thesleeve E, case C,

5 the shaft A, the sleeve E being held from revolving thereoniby a smallfset-screw, or in any approved manner, and the case being he'ld to the lug by or inV any approved manner, and the Whole held from lateral movement on the ro shaft by the liange B on one side and the crank F on the other, or in any approved manner, and the adjustment of the bearing is accomplished by turning the screw D so asto make the lipsc2 c3 approach each other, thereby reducing the inner diameter of the case C and causing its beveled surfaces to press upon the beveled surfaces of the rings G G, which, by virtue of the angles of these meeting beveled surfaces, cause the rings G G to approach each 2o other, and the inner conical or grooved surfaces forming a part of the balls to approach each other, 4so as to compress the row of balls around the sleeve E, while in this process the approach of the rings G G and the pressure of their inner beveled edges upon the detent H,

by reason of the beveled surfaces, enlarges the detent H, causing it to spread at the split h. If the screw D be turned too far and the bearing thereby be made too tight, a slight loosen- 3o ing of the screw will relieve the pressure and the spring H will tend to return to its closed annular form, as shown in Fig. 5, pressing and holding apart the rings GG and relieving the contact-pressure of the rollers and their path 3 5 in the rings and on the sleeve.

It is obvious that by this means a nice adjustment of the bearing may be obtained; that the path of the rollers is unbroken; that an easy, accessible, and vertical means of adjust- 4o ment is obtainedwithout the difficult and expensive large screws necessary where the bearing-box is divided and its parts caused to approach laterally, or the sleeve is divided and its parts caused to approach laterally, and that all the parts which form bearing-surfaces for the rollers, including the latter, may be polished and hardened.

It is obvious that formal changes may be made in the proportions and angles or arrangement of the parts o f this contrivance such as any mechanic might make for adapting it for use in different vehicles or machinery, or with differently-shaped rollers, Ste., and We therefore do not limit ourselves to the precise form of this device here shown and described.

We claim as new and of our invention- 1. In a ball or roller bearing box, the combination of a case divided longitudinally with reference to its axis, two or more rings having interior grooved or conical surfaces for contact with the balls or rollers, and exterior beveled or conical surfaces for contact with the case, and a means of contracting the case vertically upon the bearing-rings, and thereby causing the rings to approach laterally, essentially as set forth.

2. In an anti-friction bearing-box having parts with conical or grooved bearing-surfaces for contact with the balls or rollers, one lof which parts isv movablelaterally for adj ustment, an annular spring-detent, as H, constructed to operate between said parts and press them apart when they are loosened, and to yield and permit them to approach when they are tightened, substantially as shown and described.

3. In a ball .or roller bearing box, the combination of a circular row of balls or rollers,bear

ingrings having interior conical or grooved surfaces for contact with the balls or rollers, and exterior conical or beveled surfaces for contact with the case, a spring-detent operating as a yielding annulus between said rings within the case and out of the way of the balls orrollers,andacase dividedlongitudinallyand provided with means of vertical contraction about the rings and of adjusting the rings laterally thereby, essentially as set forth.

4. An axle or journal bearing, substantially as shown and described, consisting in a series of balls or rollers operating aboutl and upon the axle or a sleeve thereon, and within or against the conical or grooved surfaces in the box, two rings in the box bearing said conical or grooved surfaces for contact with the balls or rollers, and having exterior conical or bev. eled surfaces for contact with the case, and intermediate conical or beveled surfaces for contact with the detent, a spring-detent operating between said intermediate surfaces, a case divided longitudinally and having an internal groove and inwardly-beveled edges to bear upon said exterior surfaces of the rings, and a hinge and screw clamp in the case, all con structed and combined to operate by vertical contraction ofthe case to cause lateral approach of the rings and adjustment of the bearing, essentially as set forth.

GIDEoN HAYNEs, JR. ALBERT E. soHAAE.

Witnesses to signature of Gideon Haynes, Jr.:

. C. E. PRATT,

H. H. FIsKE. Witnesses to signature of Albert E. Schaaf:

FREDK. B; WALL, ARTHUR W. DECKER. 

